In humans, viruses can spread in many ways. Four fluids
that can be used by viruses to spread are:
- Air:
examples of viruses that spread through air are those that cause influenza and the
common cold. When people with these illnesses sneeze or cough the viruses are spread to
others.
- Water: viruses that cause
illnesses like gastroenteritis are spread from one person to another by infected water.
- Blood: a large number of viruses
are spread through blood. Diseases like West Nile Fever can be spread through vectors
that suck blood. As the viruses can survive in the vector's body also they are spread
when the same animal bites a person who is sick and then bites a healthy person. Some
viruses like HIV cannot survive in a vector's body. They are spread when a healthy
person's blood comes in contact with blood from someone who is sick through infected
needles, or during blood
transfusions.
- Sexual fluids: viruses
which include HIV are spread though sexual fluids like semen and vaginal fluids. This
usually happens during sexual
intercourse.
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