Milton, like many other poets of his era, often alludes
either implicitly or explicitly (as in this poem) to the Bible. The Bible was the
best-known text of this period. Some people (such as Milton himself) studied it deeply
for most of their lives, and even relatively uneducated people would have known the
Bible by hearing about it in sermons and even in everyday
conversation.
Therefore, by alluding to the Bible, Milton
achieves several important results:
- He employs a
source of authority that practically everyone in his culture would have accepted as the
most important authority. He thus gives added authority to his
poem. - He shows his desire, as a Christian but especially
as a Protestant, to ground his writings in the scriptural word of
God. - He shows the continuing relevance of God’s words to
the particular lives of particular persons. - He adds to
the complexity of his poem by creating a kind of dialogue within the work between his
poem and the master-text of his culture.
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