Define the underlined term & reference an example of art to illustrate the concept. What was the Counter-Reformation?

The Catholic
Counter-Reformation defines the period of about 100 years
from 1545 to 1648 that was a response to the Protestant Reformation. Important facets of
the Counter-Reformation included profound changes in religion and politics. Seminaries
were built for a more unified training of priests, and spiritual movements began that
focused on the interpersonal relationship with Christ. The Counter-Reformation began
with the Council of Trent in 1545 in which a commission of cardinals met to determine
necessary changes within the Catholic Church. New orders, such as the Jesuits and
Capuchins, helped to unite rural churchgoers and improve other facets such as education
and discipline.

The Counter-Reformation decreed that
artistic images should only represent the subject depicted without sexual or unholy
connotations:

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... every superstition shall be removed... all
lasciviousness be avoided; in such wise that figures shall not be painted or adorned
with a beauty exciting to lust... there be nothing seen that is disorderly, or that is
unbecomingly or confusedly arranged, nothing that is profane, nothing indecorous, seeing
that holiness becometh the house of
God.

An example of such
artistic work of the period is Repentance of Peter (1586)
by Doménikos Theotokópoulos (aka El Greco, "The
Greek").