How did Africans resist colonial rule?

Africa is a complex and diverse continent, with hundreds
of languages and dialects, almost every ecosystem on Earth, and the world's largest
desert separating major populations.  So there is no easy way to summarize how Africans
resisted the colonial powers that carved her up for the better part of four centuries. 
If I had to categorize them, I would say African resisted colonial rule in some cases
violently, in some cases non-violently, and in still other instances used passive
resistance.

Violent Resistance
- There are numerous examples of this, but the Algerian revolt against France in the
1960s, the revolts of the Zulu in South Africa (see Battle of Islandlwana) and Mau Mau
in kenya against British rule, among many
others.

Non-violent Resistance -
In the Year of African Independence, 1961, 17 countries declared
themselves independent of colonial powers, most of them non-violently, through protest
and/or negotiation.

Passive
Resistance - This method was very common over the centuries that European
powers ran most of Africa, and involved working more slowly, sabatoging services such as
rail lines, or keeping tribal languages alive in villages and
schools.