Monday, December 24, 2012

In "Araby" by James Joyce, how do the setting and theme reinforce each other?

This story can be described as being about the death of
the imagination as one boy discovers the extent to which the imagination can make the
most drab of settings magical and mysterious, and then experiences what happens when
imagination vanishes and he is left with the crushing force of
reality.


Perhaps the way in which setting and theme are
most closely seen working together is through the description of the bazaar that the
narrator finally reaches at the end of the story. Note the way in which, before he
starts his journey, his imagination had painted an exotic and romantic picture of this
bazaar as he imagines himself as completing a romantic quest for his
lady-in-waiting:


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The syllables of the word Araby
were called to me through the silence in which my soul luxuriated and cast an
Eastern enchantment over
me.



The market itself becomes
a powerful symbol of the speaker's imagination as he builds it up to be an Aladdin's
cave of magic and mystery. However, when he makes his way there, the banal reality of
the bazaar cannot be ignored:


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I found myself in a big hall girdled at half its
height by a gallery. Nearly all the stalls were closed and the greater part of the hall
was in darkness. I recognised a silence like that which pervades a church after a
service.



Instead of the
golden enchantment he was expecting, the bazaar is actually characterised by darkness,
silence and and an almost ominous feeling. It is this banal reality of the setting that
results in the epiphany that the boy experiences, which makes him realise that he is a
"creature driven and derided by vanity." Theme and setting link together to produce this
conclusion.

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