What were differences in treatment of the Native Americans by the Spanish in the Southwest and the French in Canada 1500-1700? Differences...

There were both differences and similarities in the way
that these two European countries treated Native Americans in their respective
colonies.   The Spanish and the French were both interested in getting rich from the
resources of the land and in converting the natives.  The major difference is that the
French did much less to try to control the Indians in
Canada.

Both the French and the Spanish wanted to use the
natives to extract resources and enrich the "mother countries."  The Spanish were mainly
after mineral wealth while the French ended up centering their economy on furs.  The
Spanish created many settlements and tried to control the natives on a daily basis. 
They needed the natives to work in their mines and on their plantations.  The French, by
contrast, created fewer settlements and did not try to really change the ways in which
the natives lived.  They relied on the natives to go and trap animals for furs, but
beyond that they did not really try to control them.