Tuesday, September 20, 2011

Which of the two types of mutations, nonsense or missense, would be more harmful to an organism?

It isn't possible to say which of the two types of
mutations would be more harmful to an organism as both forms affect the functioning of
proteins in organisms in adverse ways and result in serious
ailments.


Both missense as well as nonsense mutations
result in an altered protein product which is unlikely to function as it should. The two
differ only in the cause behind why this happens.


In a
missense mutation, an entirely new amino acid is produced as the codon responsible for
the protein is altered. Several diseases including Epidermolysis bullosa, sickle-cell
disease, and SOD1 mediated ALS are the result of missense
mutation.


On the other hand, in nonsense mutation one of
the codons that specifies an amino acid is converted to a stop codon; this does not
allow the protein to develop completely. The activity of the protein is dependent on
where the stop codon is located and can be affected slightly or totally disabled.
Several genetic illnesses result from this including DMD and
thalassemia.

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