The easiest way to balance any combustion equation is to
first write the general form. In a combustion reaction the products are always carbon
dioxide (CO2) and water (HOH) and the reactants are the organic material plus oxygen
(O2).
General Form:
C6H6 + O2
--> CO2 + HOH
Now start by balancing the carbon
atoms:
six carbons on the left so you need 6 on the
right.
C6H6 + O2 ---> 6 CO2 +
HOH
Next balance the hydrogen
atoms:
6 on the left, so you need 6 on the
right.
C6H6 + O2 --> 6 CO2 + 3
HOH
Now count the number of oxygen on the right = 12 + 3 =
15
divide the number on the right by 2 to get the number
needed on the left. 15/2 = 7.5
C6H6 + 7.5 O2
--> 6 CO2 + 3 HOH
But the rule is that
coefficients have to be whole numbers. So multiple both sides by 2 to get the final
balanced equation.
2 C6H6 + 15 O2 --> 12 CO2 +
6 HOH
To be sure, count the number of each element on each
side:
On the left you have 12 C, 12 H, 30
O
On the right you have 12 C, 12 H, 30 O so it is
balanced.
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