Copper Sulfate can dissolve in water because water is a
polar solvent. A polar solvent is one where the molecules that make up the solvent have
a charge that is unequally distributed in the molecule. In the case of water the oxygen
atoms have a partial negative charge and the hydrogen atoms have a partial positive
charge.
Copper sulfate is ionic in nature. When it is
dropped in water the copper sulfate dissociates into positively charged copper ions and
negatively charges sulfate ions.
The polarity of water
leads to the positive copper ions being attracted to the oxygen atoms of water with a
partial negative charge and the sulfate ions being attracted to the hydrogen atoms of
water that have a partial positive charge.
Water being a
polar solvent can easily dissolve ionic salts like copper
sulfate.
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