How does Camus use foreshadowing as a technique in the novel The Stranger?

Camus' The Stranger is so tightly constructed that he has
introduced most, if not all, major developments in the early parts of the story through
foreshadowing, with the result that Meursault's experience--no matter how
incredulous--is believable. This is because his inner traits are built firmly upon the
qualities that foreshadow and eventually lead to his doom.

One
significant example that foreshadows his crime is his habitual reaction to light, sun
and heat. Meursault repeatedly narrates a description of these elements along with his
reaction to them. Beginning on the first page, Meursault says, "It was a blazing hot
afternoon" with a "glare off the road and from the sky.” He then states his reaction to
the "blazing" heat and "glare … that made [him] feel so drowsy."

This
foreshadowing, embodied as it is in the motifs of heat and sleep, repeats throughout
Part I of the novel while increasing in intensity with each passage until Meursault
walks alone on the beach and experiences the heat climbing to a climax around
him:

And each
time I felt a hot blast strike my forehead, ... I clenched my fists ... and keyed up
every nerve to fend off the sun and the dark befuddlement it was pouring into
me.

The foreshadowing is
fulfilled when the climax arises when the "cymbals of sun" and "fiery gust" make "the
sky crack in two" releasing a "great sheet of flame" that makes every nerve in
Meursault's body jump thus causing his grip to tighten on the revolver. One additional
step in the fulfillment of the foreshadowing of Meursault's doom comes when he responds
to the judge's question about "what were the motives" of his crime by explaining "that
it was because of the sun."

As incredulous as this sounds, and however
many people he heard "tittering," the reader believes Meursault because the
foreshadowing has established the credulity of Meursault's experience from the beginning
of the story.

Some other examples of foreshadowing are Meursault's
employer's annoyance at him, foreshadowing the jury's and judges' extreme annoyance with
him; the idea of "fault" foreshadowing his eventual feeling of remorselessness; and
Meursault's agreement to write Raymond's letter for him foreshadowing the later
accusations of immoral heartlessness during his trial.