Sunday, December 1, 2013

In John Donne's "Holy Sonnet 6," how do Donne's paradoxical statements depend on a contrast. Are they effective?

Donne's sonnet paints the scene of death and the
separation of body and soul. The central paradox in the poem occurs at the turn of the
sonnet:


readability="18">

"Then, as my soul, to'heaven her first seat,
takes flight,
And earth-born body, in the earth shall dwell,
So,
fall my sins, that all may have their right,
To where they'are bred, and would
press me, to hell."



The soul
ascends towards bliss and the body remains behind in the earth -- that much is
clear.


The contrast exists between the soul purified and
the soul besmirched in sin. The paradox lies in how the soul becomes purified. A correct
reading of the quoted line is imperative to an accurate understanding of the
poem.


A good paraphrase goes thus: my soul makes her way to
heaven, leaving the body in the tomb, and as it does so, my sins fall off from her, and
this falling off happens so that they (the sins) may inherit that from which they came
(hell), which is place where they would take me if they
could.


The paradox, then, is how the soul is really
deserving of heaven. Wherefore comes the rightousness? It comes not through any
deserving action of the soul, since death has separated the soul from the part through
which it can act.


The paradox is not untangled by the
language of the sonnet. Instead, it is through the paradox that the poem acquires its
emotional power. Consider this last image:


readability="6">

"But my ever-waking part shall see that
face,
Whose fear already shakes my every
joint."



The soul, rising to
its eternal home, is purified by gazing upon the "face" of (presumably) God. Thus, two
actions create a powerful contrast: looking and movement. The soul fixes its gaze on an
object that engenders fear, meanwhile it moves in a metaphorical "space" towards its
object while negative qualities (sin) fall, or "move", in the opposite direction on
account of the object upon which sight is fixed. The poem effectively communicates the
sensation of separation between body and soul through contrasting imagery, while
leveraging the paradox of undeserved justification to give the poem its emotional
resonance.

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