How did Stuart monarchs destroy the Elizabethan political order?

The Stuarts became English monarchs when James VI of
Scotland became James I of England on the death of Elizabeth I. James did not have
Elizabeth's charisma and did not command the respect of the English people as she had.
In fact, when he was crowned, his advisors told him to wave to the crowd who was
cheering him. His replay was that he was tired and perhaps he should drop his breeches
and they can "cheer my arse."

The chief offender here was
Charles I, son of James I. Elizabeth had carefully crafted a religious compromise in
attempts to mollify both Anglican and Puritan believers. Charles appointed William Laud
as Archbishop of Canterbury. He attempted to impose two new elements on the church in
Scotland: A new prayer book modeled after the Anglican Book of Common
Prayer, and imposition of bishoprics on the Scottish church. Laud’s efforts
caused a revolt in Scotland, and Charles was forced to recall Parliament for financial
aid in fighting the war.

Charles made every attempt to
raise money without convening Parliament. In 1625, he decreed a forced loan on
landowners, which were to be paid within three months, a period of time which made it
almost impossible to comply. When a number of gentlemen, including five prominent
knights, refused to honor his demand, Charles had them imprisoned. Desperate for money,
Charles convened three Parliaments within four years, but dismissed each when they
refused to levy taxes unless he met their demand for fiscal
reform.

When a revolt broke out in Scotland over Laud's
policies,Charles was forced to call a new Parliament. This new Parliament, called the
"long Parliament," sat twenty years. It passed the Triennial Act which required the King
to summon Parliament every three years, impeached Archbishop Laud, and abolished the
Court of High Commission. Charles was fearful of a Scottish invasion and accepted the
terms. Even so, there was no peace between King and Parliament. Radical members of
Parliament pushed increasingly severe measures which the King would hardly accept, and
Charles attempted to renege on the concessions he had already made. The end result was
the English Civil War between those loyal to the King and those loyal to Parliament.
Charles ultimately was captured by the Scots who turned him over to Parliamentary forces
led by Oliver Cromwell. He was tried for treason and beheaded on January 30, 1649. The
nursery rhyme Humpty Dumpty mocks Charles' failure as
King.