Boreal means "Northern." The Northern lights, seen near
the Arctic circle, are known as Aurora Borealis. The Boreal forest
then literally means the northern forest. Thus the forest of the extreme north, near the
Arctic Circle yet below the timberline would constitute a Boreal Forest. The present
boreal forest is comprised of evergreen conifers such as firs, spruce, pine, etc. It is
sometimes known by its Russian name, Tiaga, meaning "little
sticks."
During the ice ages, the area of boreal forest was
much further south than at present. Much of the present temperate zone was in a boreal
zone. Archaeologists have been able to determine the composition of the Boreal Forest by
examining pollen left in sedimentary layers which they have dated to the ice ages.
Pollen is not only specific to the plant from which it originates; it does not decay;
therefore scientists can examine pollen and determine the trees of the Boreal Forest.
Their findings are that it was comprised of conifers similar to those I described above
in the present far North. These trees are uniquely acclimated to cold climates with long
Summer days and short cold Winter days.
No comments:
Post a Comment