The present perfect tense is used to discuss actions that
have started in the past but continue in the present. For example, the sentence "I have
taken guitar lessons since the sixth grade" suggests that the speaker started guitar
lessons in the sixth grade and still continues to take these lessons in the present
time.
The present perfect continuous tense is also used
for actions that started in the past and continue in the present, but the continuous
tense is used for actions that are in fact continuous and taking place over the span of
some time. Writers and speakers use the continuous tense to emphasize the continuity of
the action. For example, the sentence "I have been running to work every morning since
September" uses the continuous tense to emphasize the action of
running.
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