Gynocriticism, a term coined by Elaine Showalter, is
female centered criticism. It is focused on creating female models and theories for
studying literature by women and thereby creating a female subculture and separate
identity. Elaine Showalter was a second wave feminist as well as an American feminist,
so much of her work was in equalizing women in all aspects of society, including
literature and literary scholership. It could be consered more positive than First Wave
feminism for literary study and scholorship because it attempts to include more female
writers into the literary cannon and establishing feminist thought as a primary model
for understanding and studying literature by
women.
Realistically, however, gynocriticism is a facet of
feminism and cannot really be compared to feminism directly, though it can be compared
to other feminist thought and theoretictions. For instance, Elaine Showalter could be
criticised as being too essentialist in her theoretical framework, meaning that she
believes in an essential biological difference between men and women. For instance,
Constructivist feminists may see flaws with her belief that women and men have inherent
differences.
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