What devices are in "The Voice" by Thomas Hardy?

There are many possible devices that could be looked at.
In my response I am going to focus on Hardy's use of repetition and rhythm in helping to
convey the meaning of this tremendous poem and build up an impression of how the speaker
is haunted by the tantalising voice that he assumes at first to be his dead wife calling
to him.

Central to the poem is the sound of the wind and
how this is mistaken for the voice of Hardy's dead wife. We are clearly presented with a
speaker who is obsessed with his wife's death, and somehow trying to come to terms with
it, and yet his attempts to move on are inhibited by the way that he sees and hears her
through his imagination. Note how the repetition of the first line seeks to enact the
sound of the wind as it curiously gives the speaker the impression that his dead wife is
calling to him:

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Woman much missed, how you call to me, call to
me...

Note too, how the
phrase "call to me" is again echoed in third line in "the one who was all to me."
Repetition is thus used to help create the eerie, haunting sound of the wind as it
mimics Hardy's dead wife's voice.

Secondly, if you pay
attention to the rhythm of this poem, you can see how the upbeat anapaestic rhythm of
the poem conveys the hope that Hardy is really being addressed by his dead wife's voice.
However, as this initial optimism wears away, the final stanza mirrors this with a
rather clumsy rhythm, characterised by a number of long stresses, that mimic Hardy's own
attempts to stumble on against the wind, hearing the mocking sound that resembles his
wife's voice:

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Thus I; faltering
forward,

Leaves around me
falling,

Wind oozing thin through the thorn from
norward,

And the woman
calling.

We are left with an
impression of a grief-stricken old man, burdened with memories and past regrets, trying
desperately to push on through the difficulties of life.