The temptation scene in John Dryden's poem
Absolom and Achitophel (230-302) resembles Satan’s temptation of
Eve in Milton’s Paradise Lost (9.532-566) in various
ways.
Both tempters, of course, obviously employ a great
deal of flattery. Thus Satan begins his temptation of Eve by calling her “sov’reign
mistress” (9.532), while Achitophel begins his temptation of Absolom by calling him
“Auspicious prince” (230). Likewise, Satan soon calls Eve “sole wonder” (9.533), while
Achitophel calls Absolom a “second Moses” (234).
Each
tempter also praises the beginnings or birth of the person he flatters. Thus Satan says
that Eve is the “Fairest resemblance of [her] Maker fair” (9.539), while Achitophel
tells Absolom that at the latter’s birth, “Some royal planet ruled the southern sky”
(231).
Each tempter additionally claims that he merely
expresses a widely held admiration for the being he tries to tempt. Thus Satan tells Eve
that “all things living gaze on” her (9.539), and Achitophel likewise tells Absolom that
he is
The
people’s prayer, the glad diviners’ theme,The young men’s
vision, and the old men’s dream.
(238-39)
Satan tells Eve that
she is “universally admired” (9.542), just as Achitophel tells Absolom that “stammering
babes are taught to lisp [Absolom’s] name” (243).
Satan
tells Eve that she deserves to be more widely seen and more widely appreciated
(9.545-48), just as Achitophel tells Absolom that he should not be “Content ingloriously
to pass [his] days” (246).
Various other similarities
exist, but these should be enough to suggest the strong resemblances between the two
pages and even the possibility that Dryden may have had Milton’s Satan partly in mind
when he created his own Achitophel.
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